Patara Archaeological Site is a historical gem located on a small peninsula that opens into the Mediterranean Sea. Founded in the 13th century BC, Patara was the capital city of the Lycian Union and a crucial hub for sea trade. Its strategic location made it the only gateway to the sea in the Xanthos Valley, ensuring its importance through the ages.

The city's historical significance is vast. Patara is known as the birthplace of Saint Nicholas, the figure who inspired Santa Claus, and was also visited by St. Paul on his journey to Rome. During the Roman period, Patara served as a major port for transporting grains from Anatolia to Rome and was a naval base that linked the eastern provinces. It retained its prominence through the Byzantine period, becoming an important Christian center.

Visitors enter the ancient city through the magnificent Roman triumphal arch, constructed in 100 AD. This well-preserved structure features inscriptions honoring the regional governor and once played a crucial role in the city's water distribution system. Nearby, the Necropolis area displays Lycian-style sarcophagi, showcasing the city's unique burial customs.

The ancient theater, rebuilt after an earthquake in 147 AD, is situated at the southern end of the city against Kurşunlu Hill. The hill provides breathtaking views and is home to several significant ruins, including the Vespasian Bath, Corinthian Temple, and ancient harbor structures. Another notable structure is the Hadrian's Granary (Granarium), built by Emperor Hadrian and his wife Sabina in the 2nd century AD to store grains.

Adjacent to the theater lies the Bouleuterion (Assembly Building), which served as the meeting place for the Lycian League. The city's advanced water system, with canals transporting water from 20 kilometers away, highlights the engineering prowess of the time.

Patara's importance is also reflected in its role as an Apollo divination center during the Roman period and its prominence in the Byzantine era, where it continued to serve as a religious hub. The Bishop of Patara, Eudemos, represented Lycia at the Council of Nicaea in 325 AD, further emphasizing the city's ecclesiastical significance.

The nearby Patara Beach is a stunning natural attraction, stretching 18 kilometers and renowned for its sand dunes and as a nesting site for Caretta-Carettas, Mediterranean turtles that have bred here for millions of years. This pristine beach, combined with the historical ruins, makes Patara a must-visit destination.

Exploring the Patara Archaeological Site offers a unique journey through ancient history, from its Lycian roots to its Roman grandeur and Byzantine legacy. The site’s blend of historical significance and natural beauty provides a captivating experience for all visitors.